One would let an alleged infringer of a patent challenge its validity at the patent and Trademark Office (PTO), rather than going to court.

在一纸诉状上公堂之前，必须先在专利商标局让所谓的侵权人质询其专利的有效性。

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The patentee should make known to its legal advisers any concerns it has about the validity of its patent (s), for example, identifying any close prior art.

专利权人应当让其法律顾问了解其对专利有效性所关注的任何事情，例如，对有关专利的最新技术的检索。

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The expansion of patent embodies in the extension of the validity of patent right in respect of duration and scope.

专利权的扩张体现于专利权效力在时间和范围上的延展。

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None of these have been decided by the new Patent Trials and Appeals Board, but they will be interesting to watch to see to what degree they provide a thorough and fair way to litigate disputes of patent validity.

FORBES: A Powerful New Weapon Against Patent Trolls

One would let an alleged infringer of a patent challenge its validity at the Patent and Trademark Office (PTO), rather than going to court.

ECONOMIST: Intellectual property

The problem is that the PTO has proposed rules for implementing supplemental examination that would require the patent owner to mount an assault in detail on the validity of his own patent.

FORBES: New Patent Regs May Inspire More Litigation, Not Less